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May 1948

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Abstract –

The five essays comprising Between Man and Man were written during the decade 1929-1939. Here we have a needed clarification for English readers of the ideas first set forth in the author's I and Thou.

Two names stand out in the development of the modem “philosophy of existence”: Kierkegaard for the Christian approach, Heidegger for the secular. In the essays under discussion Martin Buber gives us a Jewish approach to Existenzphilosophie which avoids the Christian tendency to diminish man in the perspective of God's love, and the secular inclination to remove God as a possible goal of man's love. Kierkegaard's individual stands in an absolute relation with God only after renouncing the world of men with its ethical imperatives; Heidegger's individual ends by contemplating his own self in a kind of spiritual mirror from which the images of other men are only fleetingly reflected and the presence of God not at all. For Buber the love of God includes the love of man, and the religious individual stands in full I-Thou relationship to both.


About the Author

Joseph H. Gumbiner wrote the article “Existentialism and Father Abraham,” published in the February COMMENTARY. He is currently acting as rabbi of the new congregation Beth Hillel in the San Fernando Valley.