Western travelers, almost unanimously, confirm the impression that the period from the end of the 18th into the second half of the 19th century was the lowest point in the existence of the Jews in the Muslim lands. At a time when Jews in Western Europe we
About the Author
Bernard Lewis is Cleveland E. Dodge Professor of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University and a long-term member of the Institute for Advanced Study. Among his many works are The Arabs in History, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, and The Muslim Discovery of Europe. The present article is adapted from Mr. Lewis's new book, The Jews of Islam, which Princeton University Press will bring out in August.